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(詳細はLatter Day Saint movement, of which Smith was the founder and leader. When he was attacked and killed by a mob, Smith was the mayor of Nauvoo, Illinois, and running for President of the United States.〔Quinn (1994, p. 119)〕 He was killed while jailed in Carthage, Illinois, on charges relating to his ordering the destruction of facilities producing the ''Nauvoo Expositor'', a newspaper whose first and only edition revealed Smith was practicing polygamy and claimed that he intended to set himself up as a theocratic king. Smith voluntarily surrendered to the authorities at the county seat at Carthage to face the charges against him. While he was in jail awaiting trial, an armed mob of men with painted faces stormed the jail and shot him and his brother Hyrum to death. Latter Day Saints generally view Joseph and Hyrum as martyrs. ==Incidents leading to the event== (詳細はNauvoo and Hancock County, Illinois, joined together to publish a newspaper called the ''Nauvoo Expositor''. Its first and only issue was published June 7, 1844.〔 Provided by BYU Studies. Published in book form in 1902.〕 Some of these associates alleged that Smith tried to marry their wives. About eight of Smith's wives were also married to other men (four were Mormon men in good standing, who in a few cases acted as a witness in Smith's marriage to his wife) at the time they married Smith. Typically, these women continued to live with their first husband, not Smith. Some accounts say Smith may have had sexual relations with one wife, who later in her life stated that he fathered children by one or two of his wives,〔 See also Mormon Enigma: Emma Hale Smith.〕 although the reliability of these sources is disputed by some Latter Day Saints. DNA investigations performed to date have consistently shown that Smith was not the father of children thought to be his based on written and oral traditions. In response to public outrage generated by the paper, the Nauvoo city council passed an ordinance declaring the newspaper a public nuisance designed to promote violence against Smith and his followers. They reached this decision after lengthy discussion, including citation of William Blackstone's legal canon, which included a libelous press as a public nuisance. According to the council's minutes, Smith said he "would rather die tomorrow and have the thing smashed, than live and have it go on, for it was exciting the spirit of mobocracy among the people, and bringing death and destruction upon us." Under the council's new ordinance, Smith, as Nauvoo's mayor, in conjunction with the city council, ordered the city marshal to destroy the paper and the press on June 10, 1844. By the city marshal's account, the destruction of the press type was carried out orderly and peaceably. However, Charles A. Foster, a co-publisher of the ''Expositor'', reported on June 12 that not only was the printing press destroyed, but that "several hundred minions ... injured the building very materially",〔Tanner, 1981, chapter 17, (【引用サイトリンク】work=The Changing World of Mormonism )〕 although the building went on to be used for at least another decade. Smith's critics said that the action of destroying the council violated freedom of the press. Some sought legal charges against Smith for the destruction of the press, including charges of treason and inciting riot. Violent threats were made against Smith and the Mormon community. Thomas C. Sharp, editor of the ''Warsaw Signal'', a newspaper hostile to the Mormons, editorialized:〔''Warsaw Signal'', June 12, 1844, p. 2.〕 Warrants from outside Nauvoo were brought in against Smith and dismissed in Nauvoo courts on a writ of ''habeas corpus''. Smith declared martial law on June 18 and called out the Nauvoo Legion, an organized city militia of about 5,000 men,〔 Paragraph 6.〕 to protect Nauvoo from outside violence.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Death of Joseph Smith」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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